Case Brief, Tax Law Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Brief, Tax Law - Case Study ExampleBetween 1913 and 1948, each person was supposed to be taxed on their own without considering their marital status. In 1948, the Revenue Act spelt out that each married twin was supposed to file a joint return then remit threefold the tax that would be paid by a single individual (Fox 59). In 1969, a new class of tax payers called the two wage-earners married couple with a greater combined tax burden. This was the root cause of the labor union punishment.ii. Does the marriage penalty deny a person their freedom and rights in marriage? How is it related on contravenes the Fourteenth Amendment of the US Constitution which guarantees individual freedom?Analysis The court addressed the issue of the Fourteenth Amendment and the constitutionality of the Internal Revenue counsel laws. While acknowledging that the law offers individual liberty, it was held that the marriage penalty, in no way, violates the constitution. Besides, while accepting that this law has some adverse effects on individual taxpayers, it is an all-important(a) close in the constitution. Tax compliance is a duty and a responsibility of a patriotic citizen. IRC Section 1(D) clearly stipulates that married couple with high incomes like the Drukers have to fall into a new category from other couples with less income. After all, the court confirmed, Revenue Act of 1948 states much(prenominal) married couples are supposed to file a joint tax return and double their remittances. I.R.C. Sec. 6694 (a) which forms part of the Tax Reform Act of 1976 imposes a penalty of $100 for either deliberate or intentional underestimation when filling tax returns. Such a violation constitutes negligence which is punishable by law.Revenue Act of 1948 states such married couples are supposed to file a joint tax return and double their remittances. I.R.C. Sec. 6694 (a) which forms part of the Tax Reform Act of 1976 imposes a penalty of $100 for any

Dangerous and Natural Energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dangerous and Natural Energy - Essay ExampleThe states located on the Western parts, especially be the sea atomic number 18 high risk areas. California, Nevada, and Washington are the highest risk states. The farther East an individual goes in the United States, with the exception of the red area on the Tennessee border, the less(prenominal) likely of an temblor occurrence. Texas, Florida, Minnesota, North Dakota, Wisconsin and Michigan have the lowest chance of having a major earthquake in the next fifty years.The earthquakes around the conception on http//earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/recenteqsww/ show a pattern of earthquakes near coastlines or on islands for the past seven days. Interestingly enough the red area just wrong of the Tennessee border had a 2.8 earthquake within the past week. My decision to live in Tennessee has nothing to do with the chance of an earthquake, so I would be will to live in a red zone for the right reason such as a job, new relationship, or whim. Ev ery area on the earth has natural disasters. An individual cannot escape the threat of a natural disaster.If I had to live in one of the red areas on the map, I would make grow myself on everything earthquake. I would look at http//earthquake.usgs.gov/learning/faq.php?categoryID=14 to find earthquake facts. This is the USGS website on earthquake safety. The first step would have necessary supplies on hand. The USGS recommends to have the following suppliesAccording to http//earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/world/most_destructive.php two of the most recent earthquakes were in Shaanxi and Pakistan. The earthquake in Shaanxi ranked 8 on the Richter scale. The earthquake in Pakistan ranked a 7.6. The power of science to control or predict earthquakes is weak. Scientists can predict and measure an earthquake, but since they can happen anytime during respective(a) times scientists have no real power over earthquakes. A Seismograph machine, an Analogue Recorder, computers, transportation, an d other

Information Systems and Technologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Information Systems and Technologies - Essay ExampleInformation formations are usually confused by management discipline systems. However, MIS strictly refers to the management of information systems whereas information systems include systems that include decision making as well.In todays any growing fast paced world, information is termed valuable more then any other tangible asset. The reason is that information systems have slowly and gradually interpreted over the decision making responsibilities from human beings. In this Information Age, these systems have become the basis of conducting efficient business.In todays world, the environment changes every other day. With the changes taking coiffe everyday, it is a requirement for the companies to continuously collect and manage information so that they may be better informed then their competitors. This depart lead to the reading of a viable advantage that will religious service organizations in better decision making. Gai ning warring advantage over competitors and rival companies is one of the major strategies that fuel help companies excel in the long run.The question arises that if the application of IT really provides a competitive edge to organizations. Answers to this question have been discussed and explored over many decades and it will be explored for the many years to come due to the ever-changing and evolving economic conditions of the world and transformation of industries. Due to these explorations, we have found out that usage of information technology effectively in organizations can create legendary results. Examples include the American Airlines Sabre System for traveling reservations, the FedExs suite of tracking shipments and packages and Amazon.coms approach to internet based retailing. All the above mentioned examples have put forward the idea that information technology can help serve as a competitive advantage if it is used to leverage operational and organizational activiti es and support the collection of critical data at the right time.COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN health care ORGANIZATIONSInformation Technology soft wares and systems are tremendously used in todays health care organizations to manage the extensive amount of data and analyzing it critically to help benefit the patients, staff, doctors and the overall organization. The basic idea is not applying the system however, competitive advantage is gained depending on three factors. These factors are how the system is implemented, whether the implementation done was cheaper or not then the competitors and the strengths of the organizations technical and IT staff.Effective implementation of IT in an organization can make the programs used in the organization faster, less prone to misunderstanding and convenient. For example, accounts receivable applications have made the collection A/R processes faster, economical and less expensive. To improve organizational deed the right kind of information sys tem must be implemented. The leverage of the processes is the most effective when the process on which the technology is applied are core processes that customers usually use to gauge the performance of an organization. For

MANAGING DECISIONS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

MANAGING DECISIONS - Essay ExampleIt is with this, that they came up with goals in which they strive to achieve.Tap helps to introduce children to the rhythm and music it was first introduced in African American spring and named, Juba or Irish Step-Dancing and thought to have taken roots since 1800 when minstrel shows were taking course. Later in 2008, it was started by Rachael when she relocated to Greenwich from Islington after taking a career as a professional dancer. Her aim was to establish the benefits to creative and independent children.The school attracts customers by offering the first free lesson for starters, this works as an encouragement where those who really have the urge to cut down calories voluntarily get encouraged and start the exercises as soon as they get time.Povaly (2007), utter that for old members, the organization charges four weekly, where each day, people pay different rates like, they begin their classes with Tots Tap among the three year olds, where children are first taught how to look at music and hold a beat, after gaining this skills, they are then taken to the next step of pre-primary tap. By this time the organization targets the school going child.With goals at hand and support from her clients, Rachael has transformed and brought in new styles of teaching which have integrated dance, music and methods that build on her past experience when she was working with major bodies of dancing in the United States. She has also worked to incorporate her styles with that of the British Ballet Organization, so as to make sure as the groups develop they are equal to(p) to work in accredited recognition of their development.The mentioned factor of the growing market is due to the merits the organization is striving to give its clients. An example is where, for starters, they are allowed free serve for that day, and then the subsequent days of the week, they are charged at

Conflict of laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Conflict of laws - Essay ExampleIt is apparent that in the event the employer is based in Paris, France, and the argument conducted from France, the French courts have jurisdiction in this case. Thus it would non be possible to suggest English courts in this case, and this has to be settled, either with French, or EU laws. (Etgen Reitz 2006, p.90).1. The part that deals with the claim of Jones, the ex- marketing employee of LSEL in UK who is seeking commission and compensation in lieu of notice of termination of his services. The main aspect is whether English or EU laws could be applied in this case.2. The second part would deal with whether Reilly could have a substantive claim for alleged defective computer console table which the company is not willing to settle, claiming that the fault lay with the installer and not the product. Whether English law would be able to be used in this case.constraints. It is indeed to the profit of employers that French state agencies have the p owers to intercede in, and even authorize dismissals should it so warrant. However, it is also seen that it is not difficult for any employee to initiate a lawsuit against his ex employers under labour courts. Labour Relations Courts (Conseils de Prudhommes) are generally made up of lay judges who are elected from the ranks of employer/employee organisations. It is rare that the plaintiff be other than an employee and just as rare that claims be dismissed with no award whatsoever being made against the employer.In this case, English laws may not apply, since his employment is held by French Company registered and controlled in France. However, it may be necessary to consider the European Laws on employment which could possibly impinge upon this contract. detect period By far, the most important aspect of any existing employment is that of either the employer or the employee serving notice before leaving the employment. to a lower place French law, it is one months notice

The Process of Recruitment of the New Employees Essay - 1

The Process of Recruitment of the New Employees - Essay ExampleConversely, the survival process starts when the applications from the elicit candidates are received, when the organization now performs short-listing and determination of the best candidates for the job (Cooper and Robertson, 2000). In this process of recruitment and selection, the organization tries to identify those individuals with the right skill sets to hunt down in the organization, and before they are inducted into the organization, they have to be call into questioned and trained to attain the skills that they need to perform the tasks that they are being hired for. In the hiring process, the organization can set to perform external or internal recruitment and selection, where the candidates are chosen from within or outside the organization. The selection process for the employees can involve some(prenominal) processes, but the most common one is the selection discourse, where the potential candidate is put in front of a panel and interviewed to determine the ability to work for the organization (Cooper and Robertson, 2000). The selection interview process has been criticized by many experts, but many organizations still prefer to use it for the selection process. As part of the selection process, many organizations will usually conduct interviews to determine the competences of the different applicants and select the best applicant for the job. The selection interview process is used by the employer as an assessment or evaluation of the potential employee for the job at hand. The selection interview process can take many different fix ups, for example, the telephone interview used by the interview before any other interview. The telephone interview is usually used by the employer before any other interview process and is used as a way of reducing potential applicants for the job (Warr, 2003). After the pre-interview phase, the other formats include the panel interview, which is t he most common format used by employers.

Principals of Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Principals of Management - Essay ExampleIf customers needs more detailed information not covered on the terminals, service oculus staff needs to occupy customer to the service centre manager who have a greater knowledge of services and products to ensure customer gets the emend information.The new customer service manager experience a increase in calls referred to her by service centre staff, even though they could have answered or so of the questions themselves. This resulted in increased delay for customers as the manager will have to address more queries than necessary. This is supported by rising customer complaints about the cartridge holder they have to wait on the phone. The manager is concerned and requested some guidance on the possible use of McGregors Theory X and Theory Y to motivate staff.Firstly it is obvious that the service manager are new and may have taking the position over persons who have been with the bank a longer time, persons with more experience and ski lls. These persons may feel that they are not seen as good enough and that is why they where not considered for the manager position, influencing them negative and this they penalize by acting as if they are unable to address the customers queries.Then the tasks these service centre staff have to perform has been designed in a monotonous and boring manner, offering no real challenge or a opportunity for staff to use their own initiative. This combined with strict date of staffs movements and restrictive job descriptions allows no flexibility, resulting in repetitive work without any break will be enough to reduce the employees willingness to perform. Furthermore, the strict control front to only penalise staff and that there is very little in rewards for above average performance or dedication, giving staff no causality to improve their performance, or to help customers with little more complex questions. With only the service manager to help customers with more complex queries, staff will refer any customer to her if they ask questions only slightly deviating from the norm, without even trying to clarify what the customer wants to know.Five Functions of a ManagerBefore looking at motivational theories we need to look at the functions of a manager. Management is instruction in any organization and the principals of management are general and not limited to any business environment. However, management is universal only if the manager has become familiar with the specific situation in which it is applied. Production technology, customer characteristics and the culture of the industriousness are examples of specifics that managers need to learn to be effective in applying their generic management skills, (James Higgins, 1994).The main goal of a manager is to reach the organisations mission and objectives through and through the five functions of management planning, organizing, staffing, directing and control. It must be stressed that even though a manager have the ability to apply the five functions of management to accomplish the organizations goals, it is no guarantee that he or she will be successful. Managers also need to be effective and efficient, effective in achieving goals and efficient in allocating resources. Below the functions defined asPlanningPlanning is the continuous process of developing business objectives and determining how they will be accomplished. Planning can be broad, as in designing the mission of a organisation